Improvement in cooking-stoves



J. B. WILKINSUN.v

Cooking-Stoves.

N0.\5l,817. .Parentedune9,1a74.

Fig.f| Fig'. Q.

F' l f M Witnesses. Inventor.

dawg/WMM MM... #www UNITED STATES PATENT GEFIOE.

JOSEPH B. WILKINSON, OE TROY, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENTIN cooKmG-sTvEs.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No.` 151,817, dated June 9,1874; application filed February 23, 1874.

To all whom it may concern:

' Be it known that I, JOSEPH BWILKINSON,

of Troy, county of Rensselaer and State of New York, have invented anImprovement in f Cooking-Stoves, of which the following is a of suchdiving-flue cooking-stove.

Mydamper'is prismatic or triangular, with a ilange upon the outer anglesor base of the triangle, the other two sides being open or in ,1skeleton form. This damper is placed upon a spindle, and made to operatein the rear ascending iluenpon a plane with the top sheetilue.` v

By means of this one damper three distinct and separate currents ofdraft may be created.

To' operate a stove in so simple a manner, and

to; achieve results so manifold, is a very valuable improvement in theform and location of dampers in stoves of the class to which thisinvention relates. In the first place, it is desirable, when startingthe fire in a cookingstove, to get the most direct draft, that the iiremay burn more freely and strongly. This is accomplished by turning thedamper backward to its farthest limit, to wit, one hundred and eightydegrees from its point of departure. In this case the products ofcombustion will seek the most direct outlet, and will pass along the topsheet-due, and out at the exit-pipe. Next, it may be desirable to heatthe oven for baking purposes without, at the same time, diverting thehot-air currents into the reservoir-chamber, whereby the water in thereservoir would materially cool them, and thus rob the oven of the fullpower of the heat; and this result may be obtained by turning, thedamper forward one hundred and eighty degrees from its last position. Inthis case the hot-air currents divide above the oven, pass down thecorner fines, the passage to the middle ue being closed, thencetraversing the bottom of the oven,` and, uniting, they pass up the rearascending Aiiue to the exit-passage. By this process the oven isthoroughly heated upon the top, front,- rear, and bottom, the reservoirbeing comparatively unaffected, inasmuch as it receives only the caloricthat expands through the aperture G on its way to the exitpassage.

After the oven has thus been thoroughly heated, it may be desirable toconcentrate the full power of the column upon the reservoir to heat thewater therein contained. This may be accomplished by turning back thedamper ninety degrees from its last position. The ilange will then restupon the back plate of the stove, in the rear ascending iiue, beinginclined backward at an angle of ninety degrees. The products ofcombustion will thus pass along the top sheet-flue, into the rearascending iiue, and thence, seeking the shortest pas.

sage to the exit-pipe, down this flue into the reservoir chamber,through the opening G, when its direction will be changed upward to theexit-passage, thus heating the reservoir without at thesame time heatingthe oven.

Thus it will be seen that, by a single damper, operated in a very simplemanner, three distinct and separate draft-currents may be created:First, a direct draft to the exit-pipe,l for the purpose of hindlingythe fire; second, a reverse draft, for the purpose of heating the ovenwithout materially heating the reservoir, third, a direct draft, for thepurpose of heating the reservoir without at the same time heating theoven.

Referring to the drawings hereto attached, Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4represent an ordinary divingiiue cooking-stove provided with an incasedwater-reservoir located upon the exterior of the rear vertical wall, andshowing the location and operation of my prislnatic damper. Fig. l is atransverse vertical section of the stove. Fig. 2 is a centrallongitudinal vertical section taken through the line X X, showing theprismatic damper thrown forward one hundred and eighty degrees. Fig. 3is a plan view, the position of the exit-pipe being shown by dottedlines.y Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the back part of the stove withthe top plate and side omitted. Fig. 5 shows my prism atie damper, thebase of which consists of a flange, the other two sides beingv open orin skeleton form. i

In these gures, F' is the pipe-collar; P, the back plate; B' B',due-strips in the rear flues; R, the upper aperture leading from theascending flue into the rcserif'oir-chamber; D', the prismatic damper;H' H', the reservoir-seat within the hot-air chamber; G, the loweraperture communicating between the middle ascending flue and thereservoir-chamber; A, the top sheet-iiuc; E, the reservoir-chamber; C',the middle ascending flue; Q Q, the two corner or descending flues X X,an imaginary line run through the center of the stove in a longitudinaldirection.

XV hen the damper D' is thrown backward one hundred and eighty degreesfrom the position indicated in Fig. 2, the products of combustion willseek the most direct outlet, and, passing along the top sheet-flue A,will escape through the exit-pipe F'. This arrangement is desirable whenkindling the iire, as it secures the most direct draft. When the damperis in the position shown in Fig. 2, the iiange closes the passagebetween the top sheet-flue and the middle ascending flue, and thehot-air currents, after passing along the top iiue A, will divide abovethe oven, pass down the corner lines Q Q, thence traversing the bottomof the oven, and, uniting, they will pass up the rear ascending flue C'to the exit-pipe F', a small portion, however, expanding into thereservoir-chamber E through the apertures G and R. By this means theoven is thoroughly heated, the reservoir being comparatively un-`affected. When the damper is thrown backvward ninety degrees from theposition shown in Fig. 2, the hot-air currents, after traversing the topsheet-flue A, seeking the nearest escape, will pass through the two opensides of the damper into the middle ascending flue C' and the angeextending across this flue, and cutting olf their direct access to theescapepipe, they7 will be forced down this flue into thereservoir-chamber E, through the aperture Gr, and thence changingtheir-direction, will rise and escape to the exit-pipe F', through theaperture It, thus securing the highly desirable result of heating thereservoir by direct draft, without at the same time heating the bottomof the oven.

By means of the damper K K, the apertures in the corner or descendingfines Q Q are closed, and the following result is obtained: The hot-aircurrents, after having traversed the top sheet-flue A, will divide andplunge down the corner descending iues QQ, and, after having heated theoven, will return up the ascending iiue C', be forced into thereservoir-chamber E, through the aperture G, and thence pass out at theexit-pipe F'. By means of this arrangement of the dampers, the oven andreservoir are heated at the same time.

By leaving the compound damper N' in the position shown in Fi g. 9, andthrowing forward the damper K K, thus opening the apertures in thedescending lues Q Q, the currents ot' hot air will pass from the topsheet-flue A into the corner iiues Q Q, and from thence into thereservoir-chamber E, through the apertures in the corner lines Q Q, fromwhence the currents will change to an upward direction, and pass outthrough the aperture R to the exitpipe F', thus heating the reservoir bydirect draft, without at the same time heating the bottom of the oven.

What is hereby claimed is- In combination with a divin g-flue cook-stovehaving three flues, and an incased water-reservoir at the rear thereof,theordinary rear end plate of the stove forming one side of such casing,and having apertures communicating between such reservoir-chamber, andthe rear vertical iues, the prismatic damper D' at the junction of thetop sheet-flue with- 'the middle ascending flue, the damper-rod beinglocated directly in front of the Xpipe-collar, whereby threedraft-currents are created, the one kindling the fire by direct draft,the other heating the reservoir by direct draft, and the third heatingthe oven by reverse draft, substantially in the manner and for `thepurposes herein described and set forth.

Witnesses: JOSEPH B. WILKINSON.

ALMADUs VILKINsoN, EDMUND T. COLE.

